Heath matters: Cold sores

Uppermill pharmacist IAN STRACHAN examines cold sores

Cold sores are small blisters developing on the lips or around the mouth. They are caused by a strain of the herpes simplex virus and can heal naturally without treatment in seven to ten days.

Cold sores will often start with that characteristic tingling, itching or burning sensation around the mouth. This is followed by small sacs of fluid sores appearing, typically around the edges of the lower lips.

Factors to trigger cold sores include infections like respiratory tract infections, a high temperature (fever), emotional upset or even stress.

As a pharmacist it is surprising how many people we see with cold sores resulting from tiredness, fatigue, menstruation or when exposed to strong sunlight eg when returning from holidays.

TREATMENT

Antiviral creams are available over the counter from your pharmacy without the need for prescription. When applied frequently they can ease symptoms and speed up healing time. Antiviral creams should be applied as soon as the first signs of a cold sore appear which is usually the itching or tingling phase. When applied after this period antivirals are unlikely to have much effect.

Cold sore patches are also available containing a Hydrocolloid gel.

Although cold sores are usually uncomplicated, in extreme cases sufferers can experience dehydration. Children are particularly vulnerable owing to the pain of taking their fluids.

Non antiviral creams are available over the counter which although not specific for cold sores may ease pain and irritation. Pain can be eased with painkillers such paracetamol or ibuprofen but speak with your pharmacist as to their suitability before taking.

PREVENTION

Cold sores are at their most contagious when they first rupture but in fact remain contagious until completely healed. Avoid close contact with others until cold sores have totally healed and disappeared.

If you have unhealed cold sores it is particularly important to avoid close contact with people with weakened immune systems because they are more vulnerable to infection, such as new born babies or people receiving treatment that is known to weaken immune systems such as chemotherapy. Complications can arise in such risk groups, including secondary infection which must always be referred to your Doctor.

Next month: acne